He is an Associate Professor of Technology and Innovation Management at INCAE Business School, has directed the Executive Masters in Marketing and Digital Transformation, and currently directs the Specialization in Artificial Intelligence for Digital Business.

He is the author of more than 200 managerial and academic works related to the adoption of technological innovations and business intelligence. He is also a pioneer in the incorporation and adoption of Generative Artificial Intelligence tools in the teaching of the case method and critical thinking.

Dr. Barahona has extensive experience advising and training business and government leaders in more than 20 countries. Through the corporate programs of INCAE and the firm Sociométrika, he has contributed with local and global companies in the identification and solution of complex problems, based on a design approach, data analysis and "People Analytics".

He earned an MBA with an emphasis in Banking and Finance from INCAE and a Ph.D. Media, Arts, and Sciences from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Media Lab. His thesis "Diffusion of ideas, practices, and artifacts: network effects on collective outcomes" was guided by Alex (Sandy) Pentland, declared by FORBES as one of the "7 most powerful data scientists in the world".

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Juan Carlos Barahona is an associate professor at INCAE Business School. His general academic interest is on the role of digital technologies and social structures in the diffusion of ideas, behaviors and artifacts.

He was a member of the Human Dynamics Group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Media Lab. The scientific research group led by Prof. Alex (Sandy) Pentland, one of the most cited computer scientists and considered by Newsweek magazine as one of the 100 most influential people on the planet.

Before joining MIT, he was Deputy Director of the Latin American Center for Competitiveness and Sustainable Development at INCAE, and consultant to the World Bank for the development of the strategy and business plan for the Mesoamerican Biological Corridor, and on issues related to education.

In the late 1990s, he led the research team that developed the conceptual model and facilitated the reform process of the five Central American customs offices, as part of a joint action-research initiative on trade logistics by the Harvard Center for International Development, Harvard Business School's Center for Strategy and Competition and INCAE.

Prof. Barahona has served as a consultant to companies and governments in several Latin American countries in the fields of strategy and organization. He is co-author of Costa Rica's education policy and one of the pioneers in digital government in Costa Rica. He is the author of business case studies, articles, books and book chapters on sustainable development, customs reform, trade logistics, information technologies for development and social network analysis. Before opting for an academic career, he was an entrepreneur and founder of a software company and a business consulting firm.

He currently complements his academic work by advising companies as a consultant or as a member of their board of directors.

He specializes in the areas of Strategy and Entrepreneurial Studies and was Dean of INCAE Business School from 2001 to 2007. He is currently Academic Director of the Executive MBA (EMBA) and the Senior Management Program. He was a visiting professor at the University of Michigan, USA for 10 years, at Cotrugli Business School, Europe for 8 years and led the Steve Aronson Research Chair in Strategy and Agribusiness at INCAE for 12 years. He has taught in executive programs at the Business Schools of the Universities of Michigan, Chicago and Duke and In Company programs for Carlsberg, Coca Cola, Oracle, CEMEX, Citibank, Chiquita, among others.

He has more than 30 international academic publications, 60 case studies and four books, namely: The Future of Entrepreneurship in Latin America with J. Haar, Understanding Entrepreneurial Family Businesses in Uncertain Environments: Opportunities and Resources in Latin America with M. Nordqvist et.al., Desafíos Presentes y Futuros del Medio Ambiente y La Productividad en la Agroempresa Centroamericana and Evaluación de Proyectos en Impacto Ambiental.

President and founder of Brenes, Artavia Consultores y Asociados S.A.(www.bacyasociados.com). Among other companies he has consulted in business and corporate strategy, mergers and acquisitions and family businesses in: Kraft CA, Holcim CR, Tetra Pak C&C, Panama Canal Authority, Grupo Britt NV, Grupo Monge, Interbank Peru, Bantrab Guatemala, Fertica Panama, Hospital Clinica Biblica, Televisora de Costa Rica S.A., MercaSid, Grupo Rica, Distribuidora Pedro Oller, Grupo De Sola, among others. Former Minister of Science and Technology and Minister of Agriculture and Livestock of the Government of Costa Rica.

He is Professor of Strategy and Entrepreneurship in the Master's programs and former Dean of the Faculty and Master's programs at INCAE. For 10 years he was Visiting Professor in Entrepreneurial Strategy and International Business at the University of Michigan Business School, Ann Arbor, has been Director of Doctoral Dissertations at HEC, Business School, Paris and has lectured in residential and executive programs at the Business Schools of the Universities of Michigan, Chicago and Duke.

For the past eight years he has been a visiting professor at Cotrugli Business School, Europe. He has taught "In Company" programs, among other companies, for Alstom Group, Roche, Carlsberg, Coca Cola, BASF, Oracle, Novartis, CEMEX, COFIA-AFP - Citibank, Sanofi, Millicom (TIGO) and Chiquita.

Professor Brenes is currently the Director of the Executive MBA (EMBA), Director of the Senior Management Program (PAG) at INCAE and holder of the Steve Aronson Chair in Strategy and Agribusiness. The Chair was created thanks to a significant donation from Mr. Steve Aronson, founder of the Britt Group N.V.

Professor Brenes has a number of international publications including the edition of two books, "The Future of Entrepreneurship in Latin America" with J. Haar and "Understanding Entrepreneurial Family Businesses in Uncertain Environments: Opportunities and Resources in Latin America" with M. Nordqvist et al, the first in second edition 2016 and the second from 2012. Other recent publications include "Learning to become a high reliability organization in the food retail business", "Assesing agri-business firms' performances: Organizational and marketing business models of high/low sales and ROE outcomes", Strategy and innovation in emerging economies after the end of the commodity boom-insights from Latin America" and "Hospital Clinica Biblica in 2013" published in the Journal of Business Research, 2016. Additionally, Professor Brenes has 12 articles published in internationally prestigious academic journals, more than 50 case studies and two other books entitled "Desafíos Presentes y Futuros del Medio Ambiente y la Productividad en la Agroempresa Centroamericana" (Present and Future Challenges of the Environment and Productivity in Central American Agribusiness) and "Evaluación de Proyectos en Impacto Ambiental" (Project Evaluation in Environmental Impact).

In addition to his academic work, Dr. Brenes is founder of the consulting firm bac&asociados S.A. His work in the area of consulting is focused on business and corporate strategy, mergers and acquisitions and the management of family businesses. Some of the organizations for which he has collaborated include: Banco Davivienda, Kraft CA, Holcim CR, Tetrapak CA&C, Chiquita CA, Panama Canal Authority, Grupo Britt NV, Grupo Monge, Grupo Cuesta de Moras, Hospital Clínica Bíblica, Televisora de Costa Rica S.A., Distribuidora Pedro Oller, Grupo De Sola, Alimentos Pro Salud (Sardimar), Industrias Borja, Banco Popular y de Desarrollo Comunal (CR), Banco de Costa Rica, Interbank Perú, Banco Salvadoreño, Banco del Pacífico, POPS, Cemento Panamá and Bolsa de Valores de Guayaquil. Additionally, he is a member of the Board of Directors of different companies in the fields of health, services to oil companies, construction, retail and agribusiness.

During the period from May 1998 to June 2000, he served as Minister of Science and Technology and Minister of Agriculture and Livestock of the Government of Costa Rica and, as such, was also Chairman of the Board of Directors of public companies in the areas of production, irrigation and drainage and marketing of agricultural, agro-industrial and fishing products.

D. in Agricultural Economics with a major in International Trade and Marketing from the University of Florida (Gainesville) with the support of a Fulbright scholarship from the U.S. Government, and an MBA with honors in Business Administration from INCAE. Previously, he obtained a Grade in Industrial Engineering from the University of Costa Rica.

Professor María Elena Carballo, a native of Costa Rica, earned a Ph.D. in Literary Studies and an M.A., both from Brandeis University in the United States. Her dissertation was on García Márquez's "The Autumn of the Patriarch" and the Spanish-American novel of the dictatorship.

Prior to joining INCAE, she was a Fulbright-LASPAU scholar for three years and a Hirschfeld Fellow at Brandeis University for two consecutive years. Her book "La Casa Paterna", which she co-authored, won the 1993 national essay prize in Costa Rica.

At INCAE, in the master's degree programs, he teaches courses in the areas of humanities and communication.

Professor María Elena Carballo, a native of Costa Rica, earned a Ph.D. in Literary Studies and an M.A., both from Brandeis University in the United States. Her dissertation was on García Márquez's "The Autumn of the Patriarch" and the Spanish-American novel of the dictatorship.

Prior to joining INCAE, she was a Fulbright-LASPAU scholar for three years and a Hirschfeld Fellow at Brandeis University for two consecutive years. Her book "La Casa Paterna", which she co-authored, won the 1993 national essay prize in Costa Rica.

As an assistant professor at INCAE in the master's degree programs, she teaches courses in the humanities and communication areas at the Costa Rica campus.

Guillermo Cardoza has been a full-time professor of Innovation and Change Management at INCAE Business School since 2013. He has developed his career in teaching, research, management of academic institutions and business consulting in the United States, Europe and Latin America and is the author of books and numerous academic publications.

Since 1988 he has been advising several governments in the region (Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela and several Caribbean countries) and has worked as a teacher and consultant for various international organizations and multinational companies such as the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), Scientific and Cultural Organization (Orcyt, Cresalc), The Third World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU), Committee on Science and Technology for Developing Countries (COSTED), Association of Caribbean States (ACS-AEC), UNESCO, Adidas, E&Y, Pfizer, P&G, Roche Pharma, Abbott, Grupo Santander, 3M, Nestlé, Cargill, Telefónica, Banesto, La Caixa, BUPA-Sanitas and Walmart.

During his tenure as Executive Director of the Latin American Academy of Sciences - ACAL (1987-1996), Professor Cardoza created and directed the Center for Science Studies. At IE Business School (Madrid), where he was associated as professor of Management of Innovation and Competitiveness in emerging economies, he was director for thirteen years and a member of its steering committee; and created the Euro-Latin American Center, responsible for the internationalization of the school in Latin America and for research on the internationalization of emerging market companies. In 2000 he co-founded the Sumaq Alliance, formed by IE Business School together with seven of the most prestigious business schools in Latin America.

He holds three master's degrees: in Latin American Studies, in International Relations and in Management. From 1981 to 1982 he was Process and Planning Engineer at 3M Colombia and Chief Laboratory Engineer at IMA S.A., Bogota, Colombia.

He has been a research fellow in Innovation, Competitiveness and Economic Development in Emerging Markets at Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government, BCSIA - Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Cambridge, MA. In addition, he has postdoctoral training in System Dynamics at MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, MA.

He has taught International Economics and Technological Development, with a master's degree in International Economics from the Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela (1991-1996) and has done management consulting at Marino Recio y Asociados Caracas, Venezuela (1988-1992).

He holds a Ph.D. in Economics and Development, International Relations and Business Management from the Sorbonne University (Paris I and Paris III) and a degree in Chemical Engineering from the National University of Colombia. He has been a research fellow at the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University in innovation and competitiveness (1996-2000) and a postdoctoral student at the Sloan School of Management - MIT in System Dynamics. He was also a Visiting Scholar at DRCLAS - Harvard University and the Sloan School of Management - MIT (2019).

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2019 Visiting Scholar, DRCLAS - Harvard University, Cambridge, MA.

2019 Visiting Scholar, MIT - Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, MA.

2013-Pres. Full Professor of Innovation and Change Management, INCAE Business School, Alajuela, Costa Rica.

1999-2012 Professor on Management of Innovation and Competitiveness in emerging economies, IE Business School, Madrid, Spain.

2000 Co-founder of SUMAQ, Ibero-American Business School Network, Madrid, Spain.

1999-2009 Founder and Director, Euro-Latin America Center, IE Business School, Madrid, Spain.

1999-2003 Member, IE Business School's Direction Committee, Madrid, Spain.

1988-1996 Founded and conducted research on public policies at the ACAL - Center for Information and Science Studies, Caracas, Venezuela.

1987-1996 Executive Director, Latin America Academy of Sciences (ACAL), Caracas, Venezuela.

1996-1999 Research Fellow in Innovation, Competitiveness and Economic Development in Emerging Markets, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government, BCSIA - Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Cambridge, MA.

1997-1998 Postdoctoral training in Systems Dynamics, MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, Cambridge, MA.

1991-1996 Professor of International Economics and Technological Development, Master in International Economics, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.

1993-1996 Researcher on technological innovation and economic growth, Latin America Center for Information and Science Studies (CIEC-ACAL), Caracas, Venezuela.

1988-1992 Management Consulting, Marino Recio y Asociados, Caracas, Venezuela.

1985-1994 Université de la Sorbonne Nouvelle, Paris III and Paris I, Paris, France.

• Ph.D. in Economics and Development. Dissertation: Economic restructuring in Latin America: towards a new role in the global economy.
• Master in Latin American Studies (DEA)
• Master in International Relations (DESUP)
• Master in Management (DESS)

1981-1982 Process and Planning Engineer, 3M Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia. 1981 Laboratory Chief Engineer, IMA S.A., Bogotá, Colombia.

1974-1981 Chemical Engineer, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.

1988-pres. Advisor to Latin American governments (Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Venezuela and several Caribbean countries).

1990-pres. Training and consulting for International Organizations and Multinational Corporations: IDB-Interamerican Development Bank, UNESCO -United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (Orcyt, Cresalc), TWAS - The Third World Academy of Sciences (TWAS), ICSU/COSTED - International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU), Committee on Science and Technology for Developing Countries (COSTED), Association of Caribbean States (ACS-AEC), Adidas, E&Y, IBM, Pfizer, P&G, Roche Pharma, Abbot, Grupo Santander, 3M, Nestlé, Cargill, Telefónica, Banesto, La Caixa, BUPA-Sanitas and Walmart.

1990-Pres. Researcher and Guest Lecturer at several universities and international organizations:

Harvard University (Cambridge, MA), MIT- Sloan School of Management (Cambridge, MA), Babson College (Waltham, MA), TWAS - Third World Academy of Sciences (Trieste), INASP (London), UNESCO (Paris), Association of Caribbean States (Port of Spain), Instituto Brasileiro de Informacion Cientifica y Tecnologica (Brasilia), Conselho Nacional de Pesquisas (Brasilia), Institut des Hautes Etudes de l'Amérique Latine, Université de la Sorbonne Nouvelle-Paris III, Maison de l'Amérique Latine (Paris), Universidad Central de Venezuela (Caracas), Universidad Metropolitana (Caracas), Universidad del Norte (Barranquilla), Procter and Gamble (Caracas), Universidad Nacional de Colombia (Bogota), Universidad de la Asunción (Asunción), Universidad de los Andes (Bogota), Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Minas Gerais (Belo Horizonte), SPAE-SPOL (Guayaquil).

Carla Fernández Corrales is the Senior Director of Executive Education & INCAE Online and is an Assistant Professor at INCAE Business School. She earned her Ph.D. in Business Administration with a concentration in Information Systems from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. In addition, she obtained a Grade in Industrial Engineering and an M.S. in Computer Science with honors, both from the University of Costa Rica. She was awarded a Fulbright scholarship from the U.S. Department of State.

Dr. Fernández Corrales' research focuses on the study of technology management and innovation using machine learning methods. Her teaching and consulting interests focus on the strategic use of information technologies, data science and agile methodologies.

As a consultant, lecturer and TEDx speaker, Professor Fernández Corrales stands out for her ability to communicate highly specialized knowledge about technology to non-technical audiences, establishing connections with the value proposition, strategy and risk analysis in organizations.

Passionate about innovation and the digital transformation of higher education, she has also served in various academic leadership positions, including Director of Educational Technologies (METICS) at the University of Costa Rica, Director of Learning Innovation at INCAE Executive Education and Academic Director of the MBA programs at INCAE Business School.

Professor Emeritus José Exprúa has taught marketing courses in the Master's Programs at INCAE Business School. He has accumulated more than fifteen years of teaching experience in Latin America and the United States. He has taught in more than 200 seminars, workshops and conferences in the United States, Central and South America. Previously, he held administrative positions within INCAE such as Secretary General, Director of Master's Degrees and Dean.

He has international experience as a consultant in companies and institutions in Central America, Panama, Brazil, Ecuador and Paraguay. He has worked in the areas of: strategic planning, change processes, quality improvement, customer service, design, formulation and implementation of competitive strategies to develop brand value.

He has been an invited speaker for competitive strategic planning at Zeneca Sao Paulo, Brazil; Grupo Financiero Delta, Panama; Mexico Express, Los Angeles, USA, as well as other invitations at Monsanto, Costa Rica, Carrier of Mexico, Kellogg's of Guatemala, Grupo Noboa of Ecuador, British-American Tobbaco of Costa Rica.

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He holds a Doctorate in Business Administration from Southern Illinois University and a Master's Degree in Business Administration from INCAE, which he obtained with High Distinction. He is a professor of Marketing in the Master's Programs at INCAE Business School.

He has accumulated more than fifteen years of teaching experience in Latin America and the United States. He has taught in more than 200 seminars, workshops and conferences in the United States, Central and South America. Previously, he held administrative positions within INCAE such as Secretary General, Director of the Master's Program, Dean, and Head of Mission of the Montefresco Campus.

He has extensive international experience as a consultant in companies and institutions in Central America, Panama, Brazil, Ecuador and Paraguay, especially in strategic planning and change processes through the implementation of initiatives, continuous improvement of total quality and customer service.

He also has experience in marketing management problem solving, in the design, formulation and implementation of competitive marketing strategies, and the diagnosis and strategic marketing audit of the company, and more recently in competitive strategies to develop brand value and also in brand auditing.

He has recently been an invited speaker for competitive strategic planning at Zeneca Sao Paulo, Brazil; Grupo Financiero Delta, Panama; Mexico Express, Los Angeles, USA, in addition to other invitations at Monsanto, Costa Rica, Carrier of Mexico, Kellogg's of Guatemala, Grupo Noboa of Ecuador, British-American Tobbaco of Costa Rica.

D. in Management Decision Sciences from IE Business School and an MSc. in International Management from the same school. He is an Assistant Professor at INCAE Business School and focuses on Management Decision Sciences.

He is also an Adjunct Professor in the Operations and Technology area at IE Business School, and a member of the Decision Analysis Society (INFORMS), as well as co-editor of the Ask Das column in Decision Analysis Today.

His research focuses on the intersection of theoretical knowledge of decision making (related to mathematical models), and how it is actually done in practice (related to cognitive and social psychology), for application in managerial decisions.

Florian Federspiel is Assistant Professor at INCAE Business School and focuses on Management Decision Sciences.

Prior to joining INCAE Business School, he was a Visiting Scholar in the Operations and Information Management Group at Georgetown University McDonough School of Business in the USA and an Adjunct Professor in the area of Operations and Technology at IE Business School in Spain.

His research focuses on the intersection of theoretical knowledge of decision making (related to mathematical models), and how decisions are actually made in practice (related to cognitive and social psychology), always with the aim of identifying possible failures and interventions to combat such failures in managerial decisions.

He is a member of the Decision Analysis Society of the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences (INFORMS), as well as editor of the Ask DAS column of Decision Analysis Today.

Professor Mauricio Jenkins is a Full Professor at INCAE Business School. He holds a Ph.D. Grade in International Economics and Finance from Brandeis University. He also holds an M.A. in International Economics and Finance from Brandeis University, an M.B.A. with Distinction from INCAE Business School, and a B.S. in Civil Engineering from the University of Costa Rica. In 1994 the United States Government awarded him the prestigious Fulbright scholarship to pursue his doctoral studies.

As a member of the faculty of INCAE for over 25 years, Professor Jenkins has taught corporate finance, international finance and international business courses for MBA students in several countries in Latin America, Europe and the United States, as well as dozens of executive seminars on company valuation, portfolio management, treasury management, investment projects, international finance and financing structuring in more than a dozen countries.

Professor Jenkins is the Academic Director of the Executive MBA in Finance at INCAE, and was Director of the Institute's Senior Management Program for 10 years. He has also been a visiting professor at the European Business School, Rotterdam School of Management and Brandeis University, teaching courses in corporate finance and international finance at both universities.

Professor Jenkins has also served as a consultant to the Harvard Institute for International Development. Harvard Institute for International Development (HIID), the Central American Bank for Economic Integration, the Government of Costa Rica, the Panama Canal Authority, the National Bank of Costa Rica, as well as several business groups in the region. Professor Jenkins has also served on more than half a dozen Boards of Directors of leading companies and institutions in the region. His consulting activities have been mainly focused on the valuation of companies and the evaluation of investment projects, as well as the development of financial strategies for several companies and entities.

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Mauricio Jenkins holds a Ph.D. Grade in International Economics and Finance from Brandeis University. He also holds an M.A. in International Economics and Finance from Brandeis University, an M.B.A. with distinction from Incae, and a B.S. in Civil Engineering from the University of Costa Rica.

In 1994 the United States government awarded him the prestigious Fulbright scholarship for his doctoral studies. He is currently an Adjunct Professor at the Central American Institute of Business Administration (INCAE).

As a member of the Institute's faculty, Professor Jenkins has taught finance and international business courses for MBA students, as well as numerous executive seminars on business valuation, portfolio management, treasury management, investment projects and financing structuring in countries such as Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama and Venezuela.

In 2004, he was appointed Academic Director of the Senior Management Program, the longest running program at INCAE, and was also Academic Director of the Master of Medical Management Program, a master's program taught jointly by INCAE and Tulane University.

Professor Jenkins has also served as a consultant to the Harvard Institute for International Development (HIID), the Government of Costa Rica, and major business groups in the region.

His consulting activities have been mainly focused on business valuation and evaluation of investment projects, as well as the development of the financial strategies of several companies.

He currently serves on the Boards of Directors of two important Costa Rican business groups.

Octavio Martínez Argüello is a professor of competitive and corporate strategy at INCAE Business School. He was also director of its Latin American Center for Competitiveness and Sustainable Development (CLACDS). His academic research on issues of vertical integration strategy, contracts and geographic location of companies has been awarded several times by the Academy of Management, the world's leading professional association of management academics and consultants.

He has been a consultant in strategy formulation and implementation for companies in the food and beverage, agribusiness, pharmaceutical, energy, financial and real estate sectors. He is a partner of bac&asociados, a consulting firm specialized in the strategic transformation of companies in Latin America. Previously, he has experience in operations management with Walmart de México y Centroamérica.

He has also been invited to lecture at Harvard University (HBS), University of Pennsylvania (Wharton), New York University (NYU Stern), Washington University in St. Louis (Olin), Instituto de Empresa (IE), Duke University, Boston University (Questrom), Insper (Brazil), Universidad Católica de Chile and Universidad Torcuato di Tella (Argentina).

D. in Business Strategy from the University of Toronto, Rotman School of Management. He also holds an MBA (with high distinction) from INCAE Business School, and a BS in Industrial Engineering (cum laude) from the American University (UAM). Prior to obtaining his doctorate, he was a senior researcher at INCAE, where he developed a comprehensive collection of teaching cases used in the institution's master's and executive education programs in Latin America. This collection includes topics on business and financial strategy, competitiveness, marketing and sales in transnational and local companies.

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Martínez, O. (Octavio); Bolaños, E.; Arce, R. (2020). Nicaragua's Road to Prosperity.
Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2020). From Crisis to Business Opportunity.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Montiel, E. (Eduardo) (2016). Budget Inn Hotel: Estimating Country Risk in Cost of Capital.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Ketelhöhn, N. (Niels); Pérez, F. (Felipe) (2015). Energy for Competitiveness.
Ketelhöhn, N. (Niels); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2009). Log of a container (B).
Ketelhöhn, N. (Niels); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2008). The Nicaraguan cattle and beef industry in 2007.
Exprúa, J. (José); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2008). Club Colombia: Extending the success.
Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2008). Backus and Johnston: Responding to competition.
Retana, G. (Germán); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2008). Organizational change in the Pluto factory.
Exprúa, J. (José); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2008). Re-launching Club Colombia beer.
Condo, A. (Arturo); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2008). Central American Polytechnic Institute (IPC): Training for competitiveness.
Alfaro, L.N. (Luis); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2007). Compartamos: Economic, social, and human capital.
Alfaro, L.N. (Luis); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2007). National Brewery Collection.

Books

Memarian, M. (Mahsa); Martínez, O. (Octavio); Mora-García, Claudio (2024). Pandemic and New Dynamics in the Residential Real Estate Market . s.l.; s.p..

Research work

Martínez, O. (Octavio); Solórzano, Gaudy. (2024). Café de Costa Rica: traceability & sustainability statement (31338) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Montiel, E. (Eduardo Luis); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2024). Hotel Business Inn: estimando riesgo país (12485) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Alfaro Gramajo, L. (Luis Noel); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2024). Cervecería Nacional: canal diversión; papel del Channel Developer (11725) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Ketelhohn, N. (Niels) (2024). Industria nicaragüense de ganaderia para carne bovina en el año 2007 (11815) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Alfaro Gramajo, L. (Luis Noel); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2024). Cervecería Nacional: canal diversión; papel del POS (11723) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Retana, G. (Germán) (2024). Cambio organizacional en la Fábrica Plutón (11793) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Alfaro Gramajo, L. (Luis Noel); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2024). Cervecería Nacional: canal para llevar; papel del POS (11713) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Montiel, E. (Eduardo); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2024). Sucesión accionaria y relaciones armoniosas en empresas familiares . San José, Costa Rica :. San José, Costa Rica : Summa Media Group.
Alfaro Gramajo, L. (Luis Noel); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2024). Cervecería Nacional: canal comiendo fuera; papel del Channel Developer (11721) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Ketelhohn, N. ( Niels) (2024). Bitácora de un contenedor de Chiltomas (11981) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Alfaro Gramajo, L. (Luis Noel); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2024). Cervecería Nacional: canal socializando; papel del POS (11715) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Clancy, S. (Susan); Martínez, O. (Octavio); Ketelhöhn, N. (Niels) (2024). Corrupción en América Latina y sus soluciones potenciales . Georgia :. Georgia : CNN en Español.
Alfaro Gramajo, L. (Luis Noel); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2024). Cervecería Nacional: canal para llevar (11711) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Sanz, L. (Luis J.) (2024). Credi Q Inversiones II = Credi Q Investments II (12093) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Oxley, J. (Joanne); Silverman, B. (Brian) (2024). Addressing endogeneity issues in alliance research . Amsterdam, Netherlands :. Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier.
Alfaro Gramajo, L. (Luis Noel); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2024). Cervecería Nacional: canal socializando; papel del Channel Developer (11717) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Pérez, F. (Felipe) (2024). Agropecuaria San Jorge . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Alfaro Gramajo, L. (Luis Noel); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2024). Cervecería Nacional: canal comiendo fuera; papel del POS (11719) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Sanz, L. (Luis); Martínez, O. (Octavio); Lesizza, Mateo.; González, Connie; traductor.; González, Connie (2024). Lidersoft (11535) . Managua, Nicaragua :. Managua, Nicaragua : INCAE Business School.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Beverinotti, J. (Javier); Figueroa, L. (Luis) (2024). Crecimiento empresarial en tiempos de incertidumbre: resumen de experiencias de organizaciones emblemáticas en la región andina . New York :. New York : Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo.
Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2024). Coronavirus: 7 formas de proteger el empleo de los colaboradores en la empresa . Ciudad de Guatemala, Guatemala :. Ciudad de Guatemala, Guatemala : Prensa Libre, S.A..
Ketelhöhn, N. (Niels); Navarro, Emily.; Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2024). Ejercicio: la concentración del sector bancario Latinoamericano en 2014 = Exercise: concentration of the Latin American banking sector in 2014 (12461) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); López, J. (Juan Pablo) (2024). Corrupción, trayendo a la luz lo oculto: el caso de Honduras y El Salvador . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : CLACDS.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Alfaro, L. (Luis Noel) (2024). Fundación para el Desarrollo Socio-Económico Rural (FUNDESER) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Alfaro Gramajo, L. (Luis Noel) (2024). COMASA: Creating an industry = COMASA: la creación de una industria (11875) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2024). De la Crisis a la oportunidad de negocios. Costa Rica. Costa Rica Revista Vida y Éxito.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Sanz, L. (Luis J.) (2024). Credi Q Inversiones II . Bogotá, Colombia :. Bogotá, Colombia : CLADEA.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Corts, K. (Kenneth S.) (2024). Long-term contracts and repeated interaction: evidence from the Costa Rican coffee market . New York :. New York : Academy of Management.
Ketelhohn, N. (Niels); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2024). Eficiencia, canas o cerebro: ¿En que basan sus estrategias de diferenciación los bufetes de América Latina? . San José, Costa Rica :. San José, Costa Rica : Summa Media Group.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Pérez, F. (Felipe); Baltodano, D. (Duilio) (2024). Ganadería Internacional S.A. (Gainsa) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Brenes, E. (Esteban R.); Ciravegna, L. (Luciano); López, María Fernanda; Pichardo, Caleb (2024). Cacao Oro (31414) . United States :. United States : IFAMA.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Alfaro Gramajo, L. N. (Luis Noel) (2024). Compartamos: valor económico, social y humano = Compartamos: economic, social, and human value (11729) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Martínez, O. (Octavio); Contreras, Ginger. (2024). García & Bodan: Attorneys & Counselors at law (12489) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Ketelhöhn, N. (Niels); Martínez, O. (Octavio); Figueroa, L. (Luis) (2024). Efectos de la crisis del COVID-19 en América Latina y respuestas gerenciales . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Brenes, E. (Esteban R.); Martínez, O. (Octavio); Ketelhohn, N. (Niels); Hernández, Andrea. (2024). Agroalfa (31166) . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Ketelhöhn, N. (Niels); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2023). Growth strategies for law firms . Massachusetts :. Massachusetts : Harvard Business Review Press.
C. Mora-García (Claudio); Memarian, M. (Mahsa); Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2023). Pandemia y nuevas dinámicas en el mercado inmobiliario residencial. Costa Rica. Costa Rica INCAE Business School.
Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2023). El Camino de Nicaragua a la Prosperidad . Costa Rica. Costa Rica INCAE Business School.
Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2023). Respuestas gerenciales en tiempos de Covid-19 . Alajuela, Costa Rica :. Alajuela, Costa Rica : INCAE Business School.
Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2023). Cómo sostener las finanzas de una empresa en la crisis del coronavirus . Ciudad de Guatemala, Guatemala :. Ciudad de Guatemala, Guatemala : Prensa Libre, S.A..
Martínez, O. (Octavio) (2023). Market competition and vertical contracting: evidence from the trade of coffee beans . New York :. New York : Academy of Management.

Octavio Martínez Argüello is currently a professor of competitive and corporate strategy at INCAE Business School.

He has been a consultant in strategy formulation and implementation, as well as in the evaluation of investment projects in companies in the food and beverage, agribusiness, energy and real estate sectors.

Previously, he developed experience in retail operations management with Wal-Mart de Mexico and Central America.

D. in Business Strategy from the University of Toronto, Rotman School of Management.

He also holds an MBA with high distinction from INCAE Business School, and a Bachelor's Degree in Industrial Engineering (Cum Laude) from Universidad Americana (UAM).

His academic research on vertical integration strategy and geographic location of companies has been awarded several times by the Academy of Management, the world's leading professional association of management academics and consultants.

He has also been invited to lecture at Harvard University (HBS), University of Pennsylvania (Wharton), New York University (NYU Stern), Washington University in St. Louis, Instituto de Empresa (IE), Duke University, Boston University and Universidad Católica de Chile.

Prior to earning his doctorate, he was a Senior Researcher at INCAE, where he developed a collection of 15 teaching cases used in the institution's master's and executive education programs in Latin America.

This collection includes topics on business and financial strategy, competitiveness, marketing and sales in transnational and local companies.

Dr. Arnoldo Rodriguez is an associate professor at INCAE in the areas of Financial Accounting, Managerial Accounting and Control. He earned his Ph.D. from the Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota. He is also a graduate of INCAE. Professor Rodriguez is the Director of the Master in Analytics, Innovation and Technology (MAIT) program at INCAE.

He also serves as a consultant to companies in Latin America and has been a guest lecturer at the University of Minnesota, Webster University in St. Louis, and has lectured and taught at universities throughout Latin America. His main academic interests focus on the topics of Value Creation, Risk Management and Accounting Systems Analysis and how companies structure and manage these topics in the age of analytics.

Articles

Research work

He currently serves as an assistant professor at INCAE in the following courses: Financial and Managerial Accounting, Control and Budgeting and Applied Research.

He also conducts refresher seminars in the area of Executive Training, and is Director of the Research Center at INCAE.

Among his other activities, Prof. Rodriguez is a consultant to companies in the Central American region, a member of the American Accounting Association and an advisor to the Costa Rican Government in the areas of fraud and manipulation of accounting figures.

INCAE Professor Emeritus Guillermo Selva Tapia holds a Ph.D. in Business Administration with a specialization in Operations Management from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. He also holds two degrees from the University of Southern California in Los Angeles, a Master's degree in Electromechanical Engineering (MScEE) and a Master's degree in Industrial and Systems Engineering (MScISE). He is a graduate of the Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Mexico, where he obtained his Bachelor’s degree in Electrical Engineering, and is a member of the Alpha Pi Mu Industrial Engineering Honorary Society.

At the Institution, as a professor he taught classes in the area of Operations, he also served as a researcher, instructor and Associate Dean of the Master's programs. During his career at INCAE , Professor Selva wrote more than 80 case studies and technical notes on energy management, operations management, service management, operational improvement and operations strategy.

Professor Emeritus Selva joined INCAE Business School in Nicaragua in the 1980s after 12 years of professional life in the country's electricity and industrial sector where he reached senior management positions. Professor Selva served at the Nicaraguan Institute of Energy, the organization then responsible for the generation, transmission and distribution of energy throughout the country, as Engineering Manager, Deputy General Director of Operations and Engineering and General Director of Engineering and Constructions.

He also served for two years as Vice General Manager of Industrial Cervecera, S.A. (Cervecería Toña), one of the largest industrial companies in the country. Professor Selva is a graduate of the Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Mexico, where he obtained his electrical engineering Grade , and of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, where he obtained his master's degree in electrical engineering (MScEE) and his master's degree in industrial and systems engineering (MScISE). He completed his doctoral studies in business administration specializing in operations management at The University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.

He is a member of the Alpha Pi Mu Industrial Engineering Honorary Society. At INCAE he has served as a researcher, instructor, professor in the Operations Management area and Associate Dean of the Masters programs. During his career at INCAE Professor Selva has written more than 80 case studies and technical notes on energy management, operations management, service management, operational improvement and operations strategy, teaching these topics in the MBA and Executive MBA programs. He is the author of the book Energy Management, which served as the basis for the structuring of the master's course of the same name.

He also conducted research on the logistics services industry, 3PL, in Central America, the first of its kind, to learn about the characteristics of this industry in the region. The results have been disseminated in different documents of the school, including the Journal INCAE. His areas of interest are related to operations management and strategy, service management, change for operational improvement, supply chain management and logistics, areas in which he has advised numerous companies in the Central American region, Mexico, Dominican Republic and Ecuador.

When he was Associate Dean of Master's Degrees for eight years, Professor Selva supervised and improved the administrative and academic processes of the master's degree programs at INCAE. He also strongly promoted the internationalization of the school and strengthened and expanded relationships with INCAE 's partner schools in the US and Europe. He represented INCAE before EFMD, the European Foundation for Management Development, the EMBAC, the Executive MBA Council, and the Latin American Council of Management Schools, CLADEA, having made several presentations at the annual conferences of these organizations on trends in business school education.

In mid-2008, he was elected by the representatives of the top 400 business schools in the world that make up the Executive MBA Council as a member of its Board of Directors. In June 2008, he served as co-chair of the annual international conference held in Costa Rica with the support of INCAE of the Pan Pacific Business Association, an organization of academics interested in integration issues of the Pacific Rim countries. He is a member of the following academic and management societies: Council of Supply Chain Management Professionals, American Production and Inventory Control Society, Production and Operations Manag.

Roy Gerardo Zúñiga is the Dean of Degree Programs and Full Professor at INCAE Business School, where he teaches the courses Operations Management, Operations Strategy, Digitalization of Operations, Industry 4.0, Operations and Supply Chain Analytics. He is the academic director of the Artificial Intelligence for Organizations Program, the Master in Business Analytics, the Master in Data Analytics, the Young Executives Program, the Leadership for High Potentials Program and the Entrepreneurship Development and Acceleration Program. He teaches in Executive Education and Public Management Programs.

He previously served as dean of the Walter Kissling Gam Campus at INCAE, dean of faculty, director of CLACDS (Latin American Center for Competitiveness and Sustainable Development), dean of executive education, associate dean of marketing and as executive director of INCAE.

He has been a consultant for the World Bank, founder and board member of several companies and advisor to the Industrial Reconversion Program of Costa Rica in the leather and footwear, textile, apparel, food and plastics sectors; general manager of a restaurant chain; as well as process engineer, assistant materials manager and plant manager of Sony Music's Columbia Broadcasting System.

He was nominated by his students at INCAE for the Best Business Professor Award by The Economist, obtaining the number 4 position in the world and the number 1 position in Latin America. His professional, academic and life experience, in more than 50 countries in 4 continents, make him a citizen of the world, with a solid multicultural vision based on countless experiences and learning.

He was nominated by his students at INCAE for the Best Business Professor Award by The Economist, obtaining the No. 4 position in the world and the No. 1 position in Latin America. His professional, academic and life experience in more than 50 countries in 4 continents makes him a citizen of the world, with a solid multicultural vision based on countless experiences and learning.

Those who have worked with him describe him as both an Expert and a Visionary who always looks ahead, in a framework of passion, respect and enthusiasm for everything he does. He is known for refining or adapting existing topics to deliver new solutions and looking at situations from different perspectives. He is an atypical academic, who worked for many years in various organizations before obtaining his PhD, which allows him not only to recognize the underlying problems and complexity, but also to seek sustainable solutions to problems relevant to organizations.

He has held General Management and Functional Management positions in both Service and Manufacturing organizations, developing several works for the Public Sector and NGOs, being able to easily understand different organizational schemes. He is an entrepreneur, consultant, Academically Qualified professor according to the international standards of INCAE Business School, being his research published in academic journals such as Journal of Nonlinear Dynamics, Psychology and Life Sciences, Journal of Business Research, International Journal for Court Administration, Informing Science: The International Journal, Higher Education for the Future, Proceedings System Dynamics, among others.

Member of Boards of Directors for both Private and Civil Society organizations. Founder of a regional consulting group specialized in Complexity Management, Results, Excellence in Strategy Execution, Operations, Metrics and Innovation. He has worked for organizations of different sizes and economic activities, such as: ADELCA, African Court of Human and Peoples Rights, Panama City Hall, Autoridad Reguladora Servicios Públicos, Avícola Salvadoreña, BASF, Banco Agromercantil de Guatemala, Banco General de Panamá, Banco Interamericano de Desarrollo, Banco Nacional, BANESCO, Banco Mundial, Banco Popular, Banco Popular, Bonice de México, Boston Scientific, Café Soluble de Nicaragua, CBC, CCSS, Cervecería Centroamericana S.A. of Guatemala, Cervecería Costa Rica, Cervecería Nacional de Panamá, Coca Cola FEMSA, Coca Cola Interamerican, Columbia Broadcasting System of Sony Music, COMASA of Nicaragua, Compañía Avícola de Centro América, Compañía Nacional de Chocolates of Colombia, CuestaMoras, Fundación Gran Mariscal de Ayacucho of Venezuela, Grupo Hugger, Grupo Kineret, Instituto Costarricense de Electricidad, Instituto Costarricense de Turismo, Instituto de Previsión Social de Paraguay, Kellogg's, Koramsa, Master Card-LEADS, Millicom-TIGO, ILO, Philips, Procter & Gamble, Poder Judicial de Costa Rica, Pfizer, SAB Miller, SigmaQ and Advisor to the Industrial Reconversion Program of Costa Rica in the Leather and Footwear, Textiles, Apparel, Food and Plastics sectors.

He previously served as Dean of the Walter Kissling Gam Campus at INCAE, Dean of Faculty, Director of CLACDS, Dean of Executive Education and as Executive Director of INCAE. He is the Academic Director of the Masters in Business Analytics and Data Analytics. He teaches courses in Operations Management, Operations Strategy, Digitalization of Operations, Industry 4.0, Logistics and Quality and Process Management. He is the Academic Director of the Artificial Intelligence for Organizations Program, the Young Executives Leadership Program and the Leadership for High Potentials Program, and Co-Academic Director of the Middle Management Program. He teaches in Senior Management, Senior Public Management and Service Management Programs.

Leader of several projects of the Latin American Center for Competitiveness and Sustainable Development (CLACDS): Competitiveness of the Information Technology Cluster in Venezuela and Agrotechnology in Ecuador, carried out by a joint effort between INCAE, Harvard University and the Andean Development Corporation, the study of the creation of a Medical Devices Cluster in Costa Rica, Coffee Cluster in El Salvador, Banana Cluster in Costa Rica, Business Climate in the Central American Textile and Apparel Industry, Strategic Action Guide for the Costa Rican Dairy Sector, Strategic Action Guide for the Honduran Textile Maquila, and Non-Tariff Tariff Tariffs for obtaining sanitary registrations in Central America.

Member of System Dynamics Society, Production and Operations Management Society, Global Innovation Management Institute, Informing Science Institute and American Society for Quality. Master Level Certified. Founding member of INTECO and the College of Operational Excellence of the Production and Operations Management Society.